Oral health is important for people of all ages. But the simple routine you learned as a kid\u2014brush your teeth twice a day and floss regularly\u2014can become more of a challenge as you get older. Among adults ages 75 and up, about 1 in 4 has lost all natural teeth, largely because of gum disease and tooth decay.<\/p>\n
You can take steps to keep your mouth healthy throughout your lifetime. And if you\u2019re a caregiver for an older adult, you can help ensure he or she gets proper oral care. Tooth decay and gum disease don\u2019t have to be a part of getting older.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe have to worry about the same conditions throughout life, although some conditions are more prevalent at certain ages,\u201d said Dena Fischer, a dental health expert at the National Institutes of Health. The two most common oral health problems are tooth decay (cavities) and gum disease. \u201cGum disease is more common when you\u2019re older,\u201d Fischer explained. \u201cBut cavities can happen at any age, as long as you have natural teeth.\u201d\u00a0Both are largely preventable with proper care.<\/p>\n
Cavities develop as plaque builds up on your teeth and under chipped fillings, producing acids that can eventually eat away at the tooth\u2019s hard outer surface.<\/p>\n
Gum disease is an infection of the gums and surrounding tissues that hold your teeth in place. Gum problems arise as plaque builds up along and under your gum line. In severe cases, the bone and tissue that hold teeth in place can break down, and teeth may eventually become loose and have to be removed.<\/p>\n
Reduce your risk of developing tooth decay and gum disease by brushing daily with fluoride toothpaste and flossing. Also visit the dentist regularly for a cleaning and checkup.<\/p>\n
Another common problem for older adults is dry mouth, which occurs when you don\u2019t have enough saliva to keep your mouth wet. \u201cSaliva is very important,\u201d Fischer said. \u201cThe protective factors in saliva prevent cavities, gum disease and fungal infections.\u201d<\/p>\n
Dry mouth can be caused by medications; alcohol or tobacco; or medical conditions, such as poorly controlled diabetes. Dry mouth is usually treatable, so talk with your doctor or dentist if you\u2019re having problems.<\/p>\n
Older adults are also at increased risk for oral cancer. Symptoms include a sore, irritation or lump in the mouth or throat that lasts more than two weeks; it may be painful or may cause numbness. It\u2019s important to catch oral cancer early, because treatment works best before the disease has spread. Be on the lookout for any changes in your mouth, especially if you smoke or drink.<\/p>\n
If you serve as a caregiver to an older adult, you can help that person overcome oral health challenges. Encourage him or her to use an electric or large-handled toothbrush, so it\u2019s easier to grip. You might place your hand over hers to help guide the toothbrush. Dentures should soak in water overnight and once a week with a denture cleaner. Dentures should also be rinsed after each meal and brushed daily.<\/p>\n
A healthy mouth can help you eat well, avoid pain and feel good about yourself. Take steps to keep your mouth healthy, whatever your age.<\/p>\n